Property Dispute Lawyers in Malaysia
Our property dispute lawyers act in Malaysia when a property matter becomes a dispute: late delivery and defect claims against developers, strata and tenancy claims, caveats, land fraud, co-ownership, foreclosure and boundary cases, in tribunals and the courts.
- Homebuyer and developer claims
- Strata and tenancy disputes
- Caveats and land fraud
- Online consultations
How We Can Help
- Late delivery and LAD claims against housing developers
- Defect claims within the defect liability period
- Strata disputes and unpaid maintenance charges
- Rent arrears, deposits and recovery of possession
- Entering, defending and removing private caveats
- Land fraud, partition, foreclosure and boundary disputes
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Reviewed by Ms. Khoo Ai Theng, Founder, Advocate & Solicitor of the High Court of Malaya. Last updated October 2026.
Why Choose Us?
15+ Years
Legal experience
RM50,000
Homebuyer Tribunal claim limit, s 16M Act 118
RM250,000
Strata Management Tribunal limit, s 105 Act 757
24 Months
Defect liability period, Schedules G and H
Property disputes in Malaysia: which law and which forum?
Most property disputes in Malaysia fall under one of four sets of rules, and each has its own forum. Starting in the right forum saves time and cost.
- Claims by homebuyers against licensed housing developers fall under the Housing Development (Control and Licensing) Act 1966 (Act 118) and go to the Tribunal for Homebuyer Claims or the courts.
- Strata disputes fall under the Strata Management Act 2013 (Act 757) and go to the Strata Management Tribunal, the Commissioner of Buildings or the courts.
- Landlord and tenant disputes turn on the tenancy agreement and the general law. Under section 65(1)(a) of the Subordinate Courts Act 1948 (Act 92), the Sessions Court has unlimited jurisdiction in landlord and tenant and distress cases.
- Title disputes, such as caveats, fraud, partition and foreclosure, fall under the National Land Code (Revised 2020) (Act 828) and are usually heard in the High Court.
The housing, strata and land statutes above apply in Peninsular Malaysia; Sabah and Sarawak have their own. Time limits differ by route: generally 12 months for a homebuyer tribunal claim, six years for a court claim on a contract under section 6 of the Limitation Act 1953 (Act 254), and 12 years for an action to recover land under section 9. For contract disputes generally, see our civil and commercial disputes page.
Late delivery, LAD and defects: claims against housing developers
If a licensed developer delivers your home late or with defects, the statutory sale and purchase agreement fixes your remedies: Schedule G for landed homes and Schedule H for strata homes, under the Housing Development (Control and Licensing) Regulations 1989.
- Vacant possession is due within 24 months (Schedule G) or 36 months (Schedule H), counted from the booking fee date following the Federal Court in PJD Regency (2021). Late delivery attracts liquidated damages (LAD) of 10% a year of the purchase price, accruing daily.
- The Federal Court held in Ang Ming Lee (2019) that the Controller of Housing cannot extend the delivery period, and in Obata-Ambak (2024) that this applies only prospectively, so earlier extensions generally stand.
- Defects appearing within 24 months after vacant possession must be repaired within 30 days of written notice, failing which the buyer may, after further notice, repair and recover the cost.
The Tribunal for Homebuyer Claims hears claims of up to RM50,000 (s 16M) filed within 12 months of the certificate of completion and compliance, the end of the defect liability period or termination, depending on the claim (s 16N(2)). Filing costs RM10, and the Tribunal aims to decide within 60 days of the first hearing. Larger claims, and commercial units outside these forms, go to court; see our breach of contract guide.
Strata disputes: owners, JMBs and management corporations
Disputes in condominiums, apartments and other strata developments are governed by the Strata Management Act 2013 (Act 757). Depending on the stage of the development, the building is managed by the developer, a joint management body (JMB) or a management corporation (MC).
Common disputes include:
- unpaid maintenance charges and sinking fund contributions
- defects in common property and water leaks between units
- breaches of by-laws and unauthorised renovations
- general meetings, management accounts and resolutions
To recover arrears, the JMB or MC must first serve a written notice demanding payment within at least 14 days (Form 11 under section 34 for a JMB, Form 20 under section 78 for an MC). If the owner still does not pay, it can claim at the Strata Management Tribunal, sue in court or apply to the Commissioner of Buildings for a warrant to attach the owner’s movable property. Ignoring the notice without reasonable excuse is also an offence.
The Tribunal hears the claims listed in the Fourth Schedule of up to RM250,000 (s 105), but not disputes over title to land. Its award takes effect as a court order, and failing to comply is an offence under section 123. Management bodies with many defaulters can also read our corporate debt recovery guide.
Landlord and tenant disputes: rent, deposits and possession
Malaysia does not yet have a Residential Tenancy Act. The housing ministry has proposed one, but it had not been passed as of October 2026, so tenancies are still governed by the tenancy agreement and the general law.
- Once a tenancy ends, section 7(2) of the Specific Relief Act 1950 (Act 137) requires the landlord to recover possession from the occupier through court proceedings. Changing the locks, cutting utilities or removing belongings can lead to a claim for damages.
- For unpaid rent, the landlord can sue for the arrears or apply to court under the Distress Act 1951 (Act 255) for a warrant of distress covering up to 12 months’ rent.
- A tenant who stays on after the tenancy ends without the landlord’s consent can be charged double rent under section 28(4)(a) of the Civil Law Act 1956 (Act 67).
- Deposit disputes are contract claims. An individual owed RM5,000 or less can use the small claims procedure in the Magistrates’ Court, where lawyers do not appear at the hearing.
Claims for rent arrears must generally be brought within six years under section 20 of the Limitation Act 1953. A clear notice to quit or letter of demand can resolve the matter without a hearing; see our pre-litigation advisory guide.
Caveats, land fraud, co-ownership, charges and boundaries
Land title disputes fall under the National Land Code (Revised 2020) (Act 828) and are usually heard in the High Court.
- A private caveat (s 323) blocks registration of dealings for up to six years (s 328). The owner can seek removal through the Registrar (s 326) or the High Court (s 327), and a caveat entered without reasonable cause can lead to compensation (s 329).
- A title can be set aside for forgery, a void instrument, or fraud involving the owner or their agent (s 340). Under Tan Ying Hong v Tan Sian San (Federal Court, 2010), the person registered directly under a forged instrument is not protected, but a later good faith buyer for value generally is.
- Co-owners who cannot agree, such as heirs to an estate, can apply to the Land Administrator for partition (s 141A) or to the court for a sale or transfer of a share (s 145).
- A lender must serve a Form 16D default notice (s 254) before seeking an order for sale from the court or Land Administrator (ss 256 and 260), and the owner may pay off the debt before the sale (s 266).
- Boundary and encroachment claims turn on survey evidence and can lead to an injunction and damages. Long occupation does not defeat a registered title (s 341).
How NZSK handles property disputes, and what to do first
Act early and keep the paper trail, because tribunal deadlines are short and a property can be sold or charged while a dispute waits.
Before the consultation, gather what you have:
- the sale and purchase agreement, booking fee receipt, vacant possession notice and certificate of completion and compliance
- defect lists, photographs and letters
- by-laws, statements of account and notices from the JMB or MC
- the tenancy agreement, payment records and messages
- a current title search and any caveat, charge or Form 16D notice
We act in property disputes, not in conveyancing. At a consultation, online or in person at our Puchong (Selangor) or Mont Kiara (Kuala Lumpur) office, in English, Bahasa Malaysia or Mandarin, we review those documents before advising. We then recommend a route: a letter of demand, a tribunal claim, a court action or a negotiated settlement. Lawyers can appear at the homebuyer and strata tribunals only in limited cases, so there we prepare your claim and evidence. In court, one team acts from filing to enforcement and any appeal. Costs depend on the forum, the amount, whether the claim is defended and the evidence needed, and we quote after the consultation. Partner Khoo Ai Theng (Maxine Khoo), an Advocate and Solicitor of the High Court of Malaya admitted in 2014, acts in civil and corporate litigation and holds a Diploma in Real Estate.
Frequently Asked Questions
No. From 2026, NZSK no longer acts in conveyancing in Malaysia, so we do not act on sale and purchase agreements, loan or refinancing documents, or property transfers. The firm acted in conveyancing in 2024 and 2025 and is now a litigation and disputes practice. We act when a property matter turns into a dispute, such as a late delivery or defect claim against a developer, a caveat, a strata or tenancy claim, or a land fraud case.
In Malaysia, liquidated damages (LAD) for late delivery under the statutory Schedule G and H sale and purchase agreements are calculated day to day at 10% a year of the purchase price, for each day vacant possession is late. The delivery period is 24 months for Schedule G and 36 months for Schedule H. In PJD Regency (2021), the Federal Court held that the period runs from the date the booking fee was paid, not the date of the agreement.
A claim at Malaysia's Tribunal for Homebuyer Claims must be filed within 12 months under section 16N(2) of the Housing Development (Control and Licensing) Act 1966, counted from the issue of the certificate of completion and compliance, the end of the defect liability period, or the termination of the sale and purchase agreement, depending on the claim. The Tribunal can award up to RM50,000 per claim. A buyer who misses the deadline may still sue in court, subject to the Limitation Act 1953.
For a new home bought from a licensed developer in Malaysia under the statutory Schedule G or H agreement, the defect liability period is 24 months from the date the buyer takes vacant possession. The developer must repair defects within 30 days of the buyer's written notice. If it does not, the buyer may notify the developer of the repair cost, give it a further 30 days, then carry out the repairs and recover the cost, including from the stakeholder sum.
Under Malaysia's Strata Management Act 2013, a joint management body or management corporation must first serve a written notice demanding payment within at least 14 days. If the owner still does not pay, it can claim up to RM250,000 at the Strata Management Tribunal, sue in court, or apply to the Commissioner of Buildings for a warrant to attach the owner's movable property. An owner who ignores the notice without reasonable excuse also commits an offence.
No. In Malaysia, once a tenancy ends, section 7(2) of the Specific Relief Act 1950 bars the landlord from recovering possession from the occupier other than through court proceedings. Changing the locks, cutting utilities or removing the tenant's belongings can expose the landlord to a claim for damages. Malaysia's proposed Residential Tenancy Act had not been passed as of October 2026, so landlords must still go to court for possession and arrears.
A registered owner in Malaysia can remove a private caveat in two ways under the National Land Code. Under section 326, the owner applies to the Registrar, who notifies the caveator that the caveat will be removed after two months unless a court order extends it. Under section 327, the owner applies to the High Court, where the caveator must show a caveatable interest in the land. A caveat entered without reasonable cause can lead to compensation under section 329.
Yes, in many cases. Under section 340 of Malaysia's National Land Code, a registered title can be set aside where the owner or their agent was party or privy to fraud or misrepresentation, where registration was obtained by forgery or a void instrument, or where the title was acquired unlawfully. In Tan Ying Hong v Tan Sian San (2010), the Federal Court held that a person registered directly under a forged instrument does not obtain an indefeasible title, while a later good faith buyer for value is generally protected.
Facing a dispute over property or land?
We advise once we have reviewed your documents at a consultation, online or in person, at our Puchong or Mont Kiara office. Bring your agreement, title search, notices and correspondence, and book on +603 8604 6580 or WhatsApp 012-401 4799.
- (+60)12-401 4799 | (+60)3-8060 0267
- [email protected]
Consultation by appointment at Mont Kiara, Kuala Lumpur and Puchong, Selangor, or online.
